第一天急診...昨天晚上還告訴自己沒甚麼好擔心, 反正就是工作, 收完東西開開心心就上床睡覺...結果, 今天一早睜開眼睛已經6:20, 很不可置信的再看一遍, 對!就是6:20! 不小心罵了髒話, 因為7:00就要報到
Thursday, October 01, 2009
[NTUH] ER
Saturday, July 11, 2009
[Work & Life] peek into NTUH
7/11日, 上工第二個周末, 感謝學長姐體恤讓我利用周末在家準備考試, 好好消化累積一個星期的壓力...現在反而覺得上班是種生活調劑, 比起在國考題中打滾, 我更想學習如何面對精神疾病~
Monday, December 22, 2008
[Motto] to keep in mind
- 內科的知識很深, 責任很重, 很傷腦, 要見微知著融會貫通
- 盡人事然後聽天命, 不要硬把責任攬上身
- 內科要多唸書, 唯有不斷充實自己才知道如何解決病人問題
- 頭痛醫頭腳痛醫腳是大大忌! 不管在哪科不應該只會處理complaint而已
- 精神科需要愛心和笑臉
- 我的快樂決定病人的快樂, 所以就算我不樂也要樂
- 放輕鬆不要有壓力
會訓練我成為不同的人, 走向不同的人生
不要放棄自己的興趣!
Friday, November 07, 2008
[Med] Hematology
Anemia, leukocytosis, leukopenia, thrombocytosis.....we see these everyday in wards
but how much do you think you know? even an experienced internist can't give confident diagnosis sometimes.
比起Oncology, Hematology對我更有幫助
每天都在看的CBC/DC data, 每天追血球變化, white count爬起來, HgB掉下去, differential count的意義... 這也是vital sign的一種, 但他一點都不簡單
因為跟到非常用心也對血液學領域理解非常透徹的老師, 開始認識疾病, 把之前硬吃下去的細節慢慢解開,消化, 感覺很好! 開始念書的感覺有點陌生(哈哈...乾笑), 但腦袋又動起來囉! 人不讀書便覺言語無味, 面目可憎, 很開心自己的臉終於比較討喜一點
MyeloProliferative Disease
Aplastic Anemia
MyeloDysplastic Sundrome
AML
ALL
Lymphoma (HL or NHL)
Mutiple Myeloma
我手上收集到這麼多病人~ 多有趣阿!
只是預後都不好 :(
ps. 最近社會好像很亂哪~~ 躲在醫院完全與社會脫離, 這種感覺還真不錯...
Wednesday, October 01, 2008
[Med] ER怪現象
在ER半個月,很辛苦,我一點都不否認...每天早上睜開眼又是12小時non-stop,做不完的雜事
探究原因,實在太多人喜歡來急診看病了,台灣奇怪的現象,來急診有80%病人不是緊急狀況
這幾天就看到一些weird but not unusual phenomenon..
1) 家人不想照顧長期臥床的爺爺所以帶來急診"要求"住院
2) 照顧很差的老人家, severely dehydrated, electrolyte imbalance, 這的確緊急, 會死人的
不過看到這樣的家人和老人, 我覺得好難過
3) QOD來打止痛針的人, 誰接到他誰倒楣
4) 來換管路的人...好多好多好多, 所以我才好忙好忙好忙, 以後考完醫師執照沒有工作就來開個換
管路門診好了~ 非常有潛力的市場
5) 早上起來覺得精神不好的人就來急診@@ 天阿~ 這裡不是門診哪
急救間就有很多很複雜的病人了
從外院轉來一籌莫展的病人占大多數,台北榮總真的是很厲害的地方,這我也完全不否認
只是急診資源大部分浪費在一些門診就能解決的問題上, 好可惜阿
Monday, September 22, 2008
[Med] Neuro & ER
九月course是所有我實習專科中倒數幾個喜愛的
其實對neurology沒多排斥, 純粹沒興趣而已, 雖然定位 lesion猜到底是什麼病很有趣, 但治療上的一籌莫展很depressing, 看到前一秒鐘還開心跟家人聊天的病人因為腦血管出血或infarct, 突然半邊不能動或全身不能動, 幸運點的可以復建回到原本狀態70-80%,不幸運的就走上辛苦的呼吸器旅程- respiratory failure- tracheostomy, bed-ridden, NG tube feeding, Foley - repeat infection.........
神奇的血栓溶解療法使用上又不那麼普遍, 第一是黃金三小時, 這不但要發現的早也要配合送到對的醫院和病人本身狀態, 只能說真是不容易...
或許因為我被分到stroke team, 都是比較無法積極介入的病例, 但其他neurologic disorder也充滿未知和試驗性療法, they never seem curable
我很佩服帶我的住院醫師學姊, 他跟stroke病人互動的樣子讓人感覺很溫暖, 似乎也讓病人感到很有希望! 不過在這片愁雲慘霧中, 病人每天多動一根手指都會讓人開心不已!
下半月的ER根本是場噩夢, 還沒做完的惡夢
台北榮總對於來到ER的intern沒有任合教學計畫, 每天只有做不完的雜事和廣播, 我從來沒有覺得自己這麼沒地位過, 在台北榮總ER, intern=廉價勞工, 就是這麼一回事
不用對自己要求太高, 悶著頭任人使喚就是
雖然大家交班說慢慢做就好, 做太快沒好處, 只會更多loading
但想到如果我不做就是其他人做, 重點是病人的狀況不能馬上處理, 我自己掛過急診知道等待時心中的不悅, 所以我還是依平常的速度做我的雜事....一方面跟自己的工作強迫症也有關, 我討厭慢慢做事...
上半月的neuro還是有些幫助, 前天我就定位了一個stroke病人lesion, 這感覺還挺好的
Sunday, August 10, 2008
[Med] Geriatric Psychiatry
最近都沒有專業的文章, 感覺生活好像少了什麼... 果然我有工作OCD, 不能遠離工作太久~
這半個月在精神部, 因為沒有其他 intern作伴, 我只好被分到老人組, 摸摸鼻子, 因為這是大家最不喜歡的地方~ 根據實習結束同學轉述, 老人組很忙, 文書工作很多, 又常常沒有學習的感覺...總之就是運氣比較不好 :(
我曾在星期四跟總醫師反應tideous work太多, 學習太少的問題, 不過總醫師學姊的回答讓我很無奈...這些不敢也不想去改變的人, 讓人懷疑他們能進步多少...如果你看到一份從8年前(at least)就開始撰寫的中文副本病歷, 而且完全沒有人因為電子病歷誕生而取消這個制度或將其加以改變, 你就會了解我的失望~
牢騷發完~ 進入正題
老人精神醫學是一塊很少人碰觸的領域, 或許在其他國家不同, 但在台灣老年人是相對弱勢團體, 他們通常沒什麼錢, 社會上也沒有很好的照護體系~ 另外, 對老人通常著重內科(physical)問題, 一般人也不認為老人家會有憂鬱症或是精神分裂症...對於psychologic problem整個社會還是比較看重成年人..
學長說還有一部分是精神科醫師不想碰觸老人, 因為老人comorbidity多, 誰都不想同時治療MDD(major depressive disorder)跟 UTI(urinary tract infection)
看到如此捉襟見肘的照護系統後, 我下定決心不管怎樣都要當個愉快的老人...不過有些事情很難控制, 就是接下來要提到的 Dementia
Dementia原因很多, 常聽到的AD就是其中之一...我們都知道老了之後所有器官都會退化, 腦袋也不例外, 尤其cognitive function最容易受影響- JOMAC: judgment, orientation, memory, association, calculation. 如果只是生活功能下降, 只要身邊有人照顧就不成問題, 可是Dementia常會合併BPSD (behavior and psychiatric symptoms of dementia)所以常常聽到有人抱怨自己家的爺爺會跑去隔壁吵架說對方偷他的錢, 或是總嚷著要找一些聽都沒聽過的人一起吃飯...
剛開始照護者可以忍耐, 想說爺爺老了, 這些奇怪的舉動就當作老番癲多多包容就好...可是漸漸發現爺爺脾氣變的很糟, 晚上又不睡覺, 常常還會說誰要害他, 照顧上困難重重挫折感很大, 這時候才會想"爺爺是不是癡呆症啦?" 然後比較"健康"的爺爺才會被帶來精神科治療~
這是非常典型門診的例子, 只是嚴重程度或呈現出來的症狀不同, 有些老人家會以positvie symptoms表現, 像是agitation, hostility; 有些老人則是depression, distant~
dementia本身沒有藥醫, 若發現就可以得諾貝爾獎了, 科學家們加油! 但是對於BPSD倒有一些antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics可以幫忙, 多少能幫助老人家平靜下來, 給照護者喘息機會...藥物作用其實還挺明顯的, 我上星期看的病人在接受一星期藥物之後, 回診時顯得配合許多, 還可以跟我聊天呢(一個可愛的奶奶)
老人家還有其他問題, 等之後有機會再說吧
有時候看到這些老人家不免心急, 自己的父母也會老, 如果老人醫學不夠發達, 到時候該如何照顧他們呢...只好先祈禱大家都是健康快樂的老人
Thursday, August 07, 2008
[Med] Psychi
today is Chinese Valentine's Day, I'm on duty shift tonight, but please bear this in mind, I'm in psychiatric department. According to other intern doctors who have completed rotation in Psychi, duty is merely a way to earn 500NTD, they never received a call, ever. That's what I expect, so I get movie ticket for tonight, waiting to see TDK or Wall-e.
If that's the case, I wouldn't be writing this entry now. God wants me to dedicate this special holiday to my beloved person- my patient. Yeah~
This morning, one 76y/o lady admitted because of major depressive disorder w/ psychotic feature had a abnormal LFT report, which revealed AST 1189 and ALT 840. That's really a big warning in psychi ward, and I could tell from my resident and primary care nurse. So we send her blood for serum amylase, lipase, g-GT, LDH, ALK-P and electrolyte analysis. The data came out later and were all markedly elevated. Under the impression of acute hepatitis and acute pancreatitis, we asked her to start NPO and gave her adequate fluid supplement.
We consulted GI doc and arranged abd sonography tomorrow morning.
GI doc came in late afternoon. She suggested we contacted emergent CT scan and put her on critical. So, farewell my lovely movie night. If there's any patient on critical on the day of duty, you'd better stay within 10 min distance to the hospital (for interns).
Not surprisingly, I got my first phone call around 7:30. I was asked to escort this lady to CT room. Her CT scan revealed severely dilated Gall bladder, CBD, IHD and PD. Fat-stranding presented around pancreas. No stone was seen to cause obstruction. My interpretation is there's some lesion causing chronic obstruction of her biliary tract and she got unlucky today to have this fulminant attack. Well, I am probably responsible to some degree. I ate pineapples yesterday by accident. They are evil!
So I spent 2 hours contacting CR from GI, INF and RAD for advice. They are very nice and resourceful. Even they complained about talking to a intern is sort of a disregard, I get my info anyway.
Now I can only pray her gall bladder to behave and her fluid status stay in balance until tomorrow after PTCD.
AH~~ I have to admit this is a pretty decent getaway from annoying couples on the streets.
I'm sick.
Sunday, August 03, 2008
[Weekend] ACLS

看標題"weekend"好像是充滿玩樂歡笑氣氛的文章, 不, 後面跟著ACLS呢~
** ACLS--Advanced Cardiac Life Support
初得知這個消息真是老大不爽 (最近很容易不爽....真是糟糕, 女人味女人味!!)
週末, 不用值班, 沒有颱風, 不會下雨, 不用唸書(?) 沒有病人居然要來上課考試.....
不過ACLS實在很重要, 雖然遇到CPR我總是在進行BVM或是在旁邊擋路, 不過總有一天我會是發號施令決定接下來處理方向的人, 總有一天我的電話會響傳來""劉大夫第5床saturation量不到""這種可怕的話...yeah~不管再怎麼討厭都要去參加, 早點準備, 多一些exposure總是比腦袋一片空白好的多~
經過麻醉科專業的建立呼吸道訓練後, ETT intubation已經不讓人害怕, 反正放不進去就一直BVM, 等待救兵, 所以這次ACLS訓練對我比較有意義的是病人cardiac S/S的處理
現在看到PSVT, VT, STEMI...都還會非常緊張害怕, 得訓練成看見rhythm馬上反應才行!
primary ABC, IV, O2, Monitor先做好, 同時穩定情緒, 接上monitor看看rhythm, 有沒有pulse決定接下來步驟是給藥還是CPR
之後變成學姐,當學弟妹在旁邊幫忙壓胸時就要來想想病人collapse的原因
6H 6T, 最常見hypovolemia, electrolyte imbalance, pH.....
呼~ 紙上談兵容易, 今天就忘記unstable VT要進行"synchronized cardioversion"結果當然不太妙@@
發生在真人身上我就賠不完了....
11月回到可怕的CV/Onco要好好來複習一下
Wednesday, July 09, 2008
[Work] Patients
最近情緒很Low, 如果畫個curve, 我想我目前應該是在baseline以下5cm的地方
說實話, 毒物科算是內科裡面輕鬆愉快的科目, 緊急中毒的病人因為情況太過critical通常會擺在ICU觀察; 剩下比較不急的中毒, 給完antidote接下來就是basic life support
中毒也不是天天發生的事情, 所以urinary tract infection, cellulitis...也是毒物科常客
Intern參與範圍可大可小, 積極primary care或是每天露臉寫寫note跟跟查房都可以過完一天
全科步調慢慢的, 我也懶懶的, 不過不知道這兩者有沒有關聯
先說說毒物科吧~ 這是一個非常特別的科, 全台灣似乎只有北榮才有
病人來源有吃入過量藥品, 化學藥劑暴露, 農藥誤食, 職業傷害, 毒蟲咬傷, 誤食有毒植物, carbon monoxide poisoning, drug dependence......
最常見的是因為心情不好吃入過量藥品或是化學藥劑, 最近CO poisoning也不少見
所以經過初步處理後續就著重在 mental care/support, rehab和亡羊補牢治療
最近接到一個因為生活不順燒炭自殺的病人, 上個月已經在中國醫藥大學醫院接受4次Hyperbarric oxygen治療, 反應還好, 可惜出院後 2周, 開始出現 akinetic mutisim, cognitive impairment, memory loss等等 neurologic sequelae...
看著她, 我也不知道每天查房要說什麼, 或許有很多可以說, 或許可以表示關心, 或許可以去問問他的故事, 但是, 我卻一點也不想留在病床邊, 就連MMSE也都只想趕快完成...
不只是他, 對其他病人也一樣, 我一點也提不起勁去追根究底, 嚴格一點, 這樣是沒有資格稱為醫生應該有的態度, 我沒有幫病人解決問題...重點是我沒有心
希望這只是一時的調整期 (外科太少看病人了, 哈哈, 都只有早上換藥跟在table上不醒人事的時候), 希望能找回喜歡多看病人的感覺, 希望能多一點動力, 希望有信心可以一直走下去
patient, patience,其實英文字還挺妙的
話說我的英文有越來越奇怪的趨勢...........苦惱阿
Tuesday, May 13, 2008
[Med] Break the News..
解釋病情最令人害怕的部份,就是要如何用中國人習慣的婉轉用語解釋"其實你的病不會好,現在我們也只能儘可能控制病情惡化", 有時侯不是醫師表達太直接太露骨讓病人無法接受, 就是表達的不夠清楚讓病人以為自己仍然有可能恢復健康...
哪一種比較可怕? 我不知道
常常有人跟我抱怨某某醫師講話很不得體: 哎呀~ 你這病就是會死嘛~ 我們已經有在注意啦...不要一直跟我抱怨好不好...
聽起來的確很不得體, 但也能體諒那位醫師, he/she speaks what's in his/her mind
事實上很多病都治不好, 很多抱怨(complaint)都是必然能夠想像, 而且常常我們也只能在藥物上做調整, 剩下就指望運氣跟禱告
不過在醫院呆久了, 夜路走多, 就會發現其實病人一些奇怪的complaint會是病情急遽往下的投路石, 不得不慎!
但也常常看到醫師個性太好, 說話太小心以致於病人和家屬皆過分樂觀的情形...這樣對醫療團隊來說是非常危險的狀況
溝通障礙除了語言拿捏, 還有對疾病進程及預後的了解不對等
在醫院找大牌醫生治療有好處: 經驗, 氣勢, 資源
但也相對有看到醫師時間少, 沒機會好好討論病情和治療目標的壞處
台灣醫療生態讓大牌醫生只會越來越忙, 同時也要越來越忙才能確保大牌的價值
大一大二修了這麼多醫學人文學分, 到底對解釋病情的基本能力有沒有幫助呢?
明年就知道了...
Friday, April 25, 2008
Wrap up
This is it~ two-month rotation ends today. I still can't believe I'm heading back.
This morning I worked with a MS3 student from UCSF. Finally I got to see how med students behave here and the stark contrast with what I'm used to.
- They are confident, nearly never back out. They step forward without indications.
They seize every possible learning opportunity.
compared with Taiwan, med students are always waiting for their cue. We do what we're asked or "allowed" to do. When I did Anes internship in VGHKS, I had to get approval from residents to intubate patients. Here, you just grab everything and start. - They are proactive. But I don't think I have problem with that.
- It's interesting to see how they interact with attending. You don't have to be very polite here, to be honest. But I don't feel comfortable acting that way. You don't have to ask permit on everything. Feel free to walk out the room or whatever.
- They are independent. It's students' responsibility to find opportunity. No one will care if you learn anything or not. It's cruel for newcomers but that's the way it is. The earlier you realize you're on your own, the better you fit in.
What I see and want to practice is their attitude. But how am I going to incorporate into hospital culture in Taiwan is an art. Smart and aggressive are not very good compliments in Asian society, whereas, in order to stand out in America you need to always act forward.
Hope I can do better in the future. Primary goal is to shorten my learning curve in each rotation!
Friday, April 18, 2008
[Update] OR
Things are getting better, at least in this week.
But I still try to avoid my director. I haven't seen him for a week, which is great!
Tuesday and Thursday are OR day. It's all because of the stupid insurance, I am not allowed to do anything invasive. It actually depends on who I work with, like today, my resident let me do pre-oxygenation, OG tube and Oral/Nasal thermometer. But sometimes I can only watch.
To be honest, you never learn by watching, so even I was in OR for the past two weeks, I'm still kinda messy today.
There are more and more people chatting with me from this week. After three weeks in pre-op clinic, OR and ICU, I'm not a stranger anymore and I feel happy.
But when I just start to blend in, it's time to leave.
one more thing still bothers me is that I cannot "empathize" US patients.
Mt. Zion is a cancer hospital. Most of the surgeries are cancer related and patients usually are not doing good. But I don't feel anything after knowing their stories.
Quick note:
1) know the dose/concentration of each formula before medicating pt
2) skills of drawing drugs and opening ample (snap it)
3) second gas effect of N2O(Nitrous oxide): early wash in/out, less cardiosupression
Tuesday, April 15, 2008
[Update] pre-op clinic
Last Wednesday was the first time I saw patient in pre-op clinic, on my own.
I had no idea why I got so nervous when presenting to Attending.
the presentation was unorganized and of course imperfect.
anyway, first time is first time, don't push too hard right?
Today, I offered to see patient again. Attending was generous and brave. He even let me key in pre-op interview form and do patient pre-op instruction. Oh~ that's something, my language/knowledge level is capable for history taking but far away from giving instruction. Also, I'm not familiar with the system and everything. There's a good chance that I screw up.
well, right now, on reflection, I did make a few mistakes. I didn't check up patient's creatinine level and didn't measure her neck circumference.
Now I pray for successful surgeries tomorrow.
quick note:
- for hyperthyroidism: take beta-blocker and anti-thyroidH(PTU/Methimazole) before surgery, avoid ketamine, etomidate for induction
- don't forget to ask about dentures and moving teeth
Friday, April 04, 2008
[medicine] Any better?
Today I worked in OR, finally got the chance to see how Anesthesia functioning..
Honestly, I'm sort of disappointed...
the first surgery I went was hepatectomy due to colon cancer mets. there's supposed to be plenty blood loss, so CVC, A-line and two IV lines were given.
The patient also had epidural catheter for pain management.
total preparing time was almost 1.5hr, including 20 mins of epidural catheter placing, 20 mins induction/intubation, 20 mins CVC and patient position/monitor.
I was surprised preparation took so long. For example CVP, they needed ultrasound guiding and time to think what's next. If I weren't have trouble with insurance, I'd really like to try my "Taiwanese way".
the second surgery was TAH+BSO+partial cyctectomy on a patient with urachal CA.
I didn't get involved in induction though, but it's really bloody when I stepped in.
What really impressed me today were better equipment and medication.
In surgery, they don't use prolene for skin closure but staples, which saves time.
They have better epidural kit, better sterile CVC kit and even IV catheter.
Disposable ET stylet, latex-free gloves(GREAT! I am allergic to latex), fog-proof masks, better 3-M tapes...... certainly safer working environment.
However I don't see better skills or better arrangement to go with those equipments. I think of my Anes residents in VGHKS when watching sono guide CVC placement here.
I hope my rotation will get better after this week. I need to overcome my communicating fear though and try to think everything in English.
My director is actually Taiwanese but he never talks to me or shows any concern. Anyway, that's his issue.
well, make the most use of everyday~ it costs money!
Wednesday, March 05, 2008
[Med] visiting student day2
上課第二天, 昨天是 orientation + physics of radiology + introduction to vascular anatomy
班上有2個台灣人(Wenli & me), 兩個德國人, 1個哈佛人, 5個UCSF學生(3個華人) 所以班上總共有5個華人!!! amazing
但班上的華人同學似乎對兩個台灣人沒啥興趣 :~ 但兩位德國人非常可愛!! lucky to have them :-)
我們在這邊的角色是clerk, 生活目的就是上課和玩, 每天的課程從早上9點開始,通常下午4點就會結束! 老師看天氣好還會提早放人... 哈哈~ 美國學生都這麼輕鬆還是這裡例外?
這裡的PACS系統比榮總簡潔許多, 但沒機會常常用, 無法比較兩者好壞
今天上chest x-ray...教授非常注意heart size, pulmonary edema, Kerley ABC line, Line&tube...
看了30多個CXR, 到後來都頭痛了@@
由昨天病人的CXR database 看來 , UCSF medical center的病人還不是普通爛, 光IABP就看到3個
有2條central line的病人也不少...我想這裡的ICU應該很厲害!
下午上brain MRI, 哀, 從來沒搞懂過~ 加上要把brain anatomy, lesion site, possible disease用英文表示就有些困難 :( 我發現教授也比較不會點外籍學生起來問問題...我想這就是現在要克服的地方! 就knowledge來說, 台灣醫學訓練出來(只要你好好學)不會比國外差! 只要克服語言,我覺得一點問題都沒有
阿~ 每天都好早放學喔...要好好唸書還是當個觀光客呢~~~
Friday, January 11, 2008
[心得] 基本醫學technique(3) CVC insertion
快結束愉快的麻醉科實習, 今天來講講cvc insertion的心得吧!
通常放cvc都是在時間比較長,失血量比較大的手術,便於監控intravascular fluid status, 給藥, 輸液
放置的血管大部分為: internal jugular vein, femoral vein and subclavian vein
這次就分享internal jugular vein吧!
Preparation:
- Position: 最重要的就是position! 尤其對初學者或是脖子短短肥肥的病人~ 姿勢就是頭偏向對 側,把肩膀稍微墊高
- 消毒鋪洞巾-注意無菌
- 定位: 基本anatomy要知道, 書上都說要用SCM & cricoid cartilage定位,但是實際上這種定位法有點可遇不可求:P
我覺得最好還是先找到carotid artery pulsation再往外側打比較快
要注意clavicle的位置, 待會越遠離clavicle越安全
First round
- 從CVC kit中拿出小針,大針跟guidewire,把該拔掉的蓋子拔掉,針筒拉一拉
- 左手再次確定pulse的位置,確定後就skin traction並把artery 撥開
- 右手拿小針, 和皮膚夾角約60-75度往nipple處下針, 一進皮膚就要keep negative pressure,直到看到回血...有時候位置會很深,所以沒有回血不要害怕!
- 記住下針的方向和深度, 接下來換大針出馬~ 左手的位置都不能動唷!!保持skin traction!
- 大針順著小針的方向進去, 一樣進皮膚後keep negative pressure,直到回血
- 回血後左手過來固定大針,右手再回抽確定順不順,順了就可以放guidewire
- guide wire送呀送,應該是沒有太大阻力,這時候耳朵就要很注意monitor的heart beat有沒有出現arrythmia!
wire 送到約30cm就可以拔大針,拔針動作就是相對運動,邊拔針邊送guidewire,動作盡量輕一點,小心wire彈來彈去;大針拔出來後左手就去抓住wire靠皮膚那端,避免wire被抽出來
second round
- 換成dilator, catheter, 小空針
- dilator套上wire,左手抓住wire屁屁並且做skin traction, dilate皮膚軟組織
- 拔出dilator,小心不要讓wire晃來晃去!
- 換上catheter,注意要讓guidewire先從catheter lumen跑出來才可以把catheter送進去
- 送阿送,到15cm左右就可以相對運動邊送catheter邊拔wire~同樣要仔細聽有沒有arrythmia!
- 當wire快要拔出來時手指要準備將catheter lumen clamp起來,以避免空氣跑進去!我每次都容易忘記這項步驟@@
- 接下來把空針裝上去,回抽,順了就裝上IV
- 若為double lumen catheter,另一個lumen也重複同樣動作
最後固定起來,看看pressure, wave form就大功告成啦!
步驟多做幾次就可以抓到重點,盡量不要搞的血呼呼, 也要注意無菌喔!
Monday, January 07, 2008
[心得] 基本醫學technique(Spinal Anesthesia)
後來想想這好像不算基本醫學, 前面要加"麻醉"兩字才比較洽當
不過換成進行lumbar puncture, 這項技術就算基本了~
步驟差不多, 就來分享一下吧:)
preparation:
- 最重要的就是position! 病人要能配合側躺並且彎曲成煮熟的蝦米(手抱腿,眼觀肚)
通常會做lumbar puncture的人年紀通常不小, 或是已經有些CNS symptoms不太能obey order...這時候只能說就靠運氣和平常經驗了
當然曾經做過L-spine手術或是老人家骨刺很多,也是不利條件
lumbar puncture/ SA無菌包
- 27 or 25號針, 年輕人用細一點的針, 因為做完puncture容易有頭痛的後遺症, 在年輕人身上明顯
- 如果是為了檢查CNS lesion, 要再準備8個無菌試管
如果是麻醉, 那就準備marcaine, 1cc=5mg, 大概都抽個2cc多
localization:
- 用iliac crest定位, 順著摸下來大概是L4/L5之間, 最好上下再摸摸找找spinal process, 選定一個最有把握的space下手
消毒-戴手套-鋪洞巾
- 剛開始會沒有信心,鋪完巾又摸個好多次, 但最近發現還不如消毒前摸仔細, 畢竟鋪上洞巾後就比較不能隨心所欲移動了~
Ready- GO!
- 在剛剛做好記號的下方(垂直下方) 1cm處下針, 這是paramedian打法, 聽說是成功率較高的打法...所以我目前也只敢用它 :~
- 入針時記得要跟病人說"要打針囉" 讓他有心理準備 (我常常會忘記)
- 垂直進入皮膚, 通常是一手握住針前端,一手抓住針屁屁, 找自己最好施力的方法
- 進入皮膚後可以稍微調角度, 針頭往上往頭側是比較常找的方向, 遇到阻力代表碰到骨頭
這時候就把針拉到皮下, 重新來一遍! 注意一定要拉到皮下再調方向喔! - 接下來是一連串手感的問題...總之應該是"通過軟組織肌肉-通過緊緊的韌帶-波! 到位"
- 把細針拉出來看看有沒有透明的CSF流出, 有就恭喜啦!!!
- 確定到位, 把剛剛抽好藥的針筒放上去, 旋緊並確定spinal needle缺口朝頭側
- 先回抽!!! 確定有turbulent flow=CSF後就可以放心打藥
注意整個過程中左手都要固定好~說的容易但有點難達成,不過沒固定好就糟糕了,小心! - 把藥慢慢注入,不過太慢的話藥會不能跑到desirable level~ 麻藥剩1cc後回抽,看是否仍在subdural space
- SA會讓病人掉血壓, 因為同時有sympathetic blockage effect, 所以要密集一點量血壓
如果不幸血壓掉, 先IV full run看看能不能拉回來, 真不行就打ephedrine - 如果發現麻醉的level比自己期望的低, 那就設法讓頭低一點, 使hyprebaric的藥物往頭側流
- 麻醉 level>T4會很危險, 因為病人將會因為往heart的sympathetic tone阻斷有bradycardia
而marcaine又屬於中長效的藥物, 效果沒辦法馬上消失 - lumbar pucture後的頭痛可以用 hydration, 平躺, 止痛藥來治療
非technique部分往往也是最重要且危險的地方
Saturday, January 05, 2008
[心得] 基本醫學technique(ETT intubation)
1月份開始令人期待的麻醉科實習, 這應該是intern course中屬一屬二令我興奮的專科
但我卻不知道該不該把它列為未來生涯規劃之一
現在已經練習過
- ETT intubation
- Laryngeal mask
- Spinal anesthesia
- CVC placement
ETT intubation
- evaluation: 病人狀況先了解, 有沒有鬆動的牙齒, 之前有沒有困難插管的紀錄, ENT病人更要了解vocal cord 有沒有問題, pharynx, larynx有沒有tumor mass
確定cuff沒有漏氣, 確定stylate可以拔出來 - preoxigenation: 這是最重要的一環! 病人在注入induction sedatives & muscle relaxant後已經喪失自己呼吸的能力, 因此如何有效的扣mask和擠ambu就很重要!
一定要注意把下巴抬起來,中指無名指小指扣住mandible angle努力把下巴抬起來! 如果嫌手太小,可以把病人的臉側向一邊, 有助於mask緊密度
擠ambu時除了感覺阻力大小,也可以看看病人胸膛有沒有起伏, 當muscle relaxant作用後會感覺比較鬆,比較好擠 - laryngoscope: 先用右手把嘴巴打開, 有時候嘴巴很緊, 那就多用點力氣, 打開到能把blade放進去的程度 (blade從左上到右下放入)
放入blade後努力橋角度把舌頭扳到左邊, 右手食指拉住右側嘴角, 想辦法把空間撐到最大!初學者抓不準blade該放多深, 沒關係就全部放進去, 通常會太深, 再慢慢往外拉就好
注意!! blade絕對不能歪歪的! 手抓住blade根部的地方, 把blade調整成直角 - intubation: 看到vocal cord後就做BURP的動作以確定開口, 小姐會接手你的BURP
tube從右邊嘴角滑入, 不要摩擦牙齒, 手也不要去擋住視線
當cuff划過vocal cord時停頓一下, 把stylate拔出, tube再往前送一些, 確定在trachea內後才能把blade抽出來
有時候會太興奮提早把blade抽出....會被罵也會哭哭 - 成功後看看end tidal CO2 看看chest wall確定到位
聽診器左右再聽聽看,確定兩邊equal, 就成功啦
接下來就是ventilator setting, 很重要, 但我還不太會
慢慢學吧
Wednesday, December 26, 2007
[Life] 6 months of working (II)
接下來談談高榮...
高榮對我來說是小時後的印象...地緣家族關係,家裡有任何人生病都會來高榮
小時後很討厭醫院也是因為每次來探病都覺得病房很臭(尿騷味,糞便味),記憶中醫院是個很臭很安靜的地方 (探病都晚上探嘛~)
回高榮實習一部分因為家在附近可以每天通勤,住在家裡就有可以不用煩惱生活的好處,非常適合我這個懶人
第二部分就是那新裝潢好的宿舍~鄉親哪~妳不要以為醫生宿舍有多高級,能夠有隔音有乾淨的廁所有堅固的床就要偷笑....
是的~大部分醫師宿舍以上三者並不會兼具, 但高榮做到了!!! 這裡還有中央空調冰箱跟電視交誼廳
看到只能用流淚來表達心中喜悅
高榮比起北榮因為成立時間較短(以前還稱台北榮總高雄分院),醫院規模不大,一些稀奇古怪的次專科也沒有分出來, 好處是妳可以看到各式各樣的病人,但壞處是不容易抓到學習方向
主治醫師年紀較輕,容易跟其他人打成一片
也因歷年來intern數目少,對intern要求不多, 工作量不會很大
所以intern學習已自動自發為主(最近有課程變多的趨勢)
我覺得這是一個正在尋找方向的醫院, 希望帶頭者能夠聰明一點,不要把台北榮總壞的都學去啦~
目前可惜的是,這家醫院並沒有給人年輕醫院該有的衝力和創新
反而流於公家醫院八股和型式化經營....
因為計劃到國外實習, 高榮莫名其妙呆了4個月(還有兩個月呢~)
在家也呆夠久,爸媽都有點厭煩:P 接下來還是到外面闖一闖吧